X-ray intelligent mineral sorting machine uses X-ray to transmit scanning of the selected ore, obtains the atomic number data of the minerals, processes the data by means of convolutional neural network and other means, establishes an identification model, identifies the ore and miscellaneous stones, and then drives the actuator to sort the ore. It is also possible to add visible or infrared cameras for composite identification according to the different characteristics of the ore to further improve the sorting accuracy.